IRYE 500
INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED YOGA EXPERT I IRYE 500
For IRYE`s that have successfully completed a professional-level minimum of 500 instructional hours. The hours can include the techniques of physical and mental level, combination of contact and non-contact hours. The total of 500 hours can be a sum of education taken from different IRYS`s or any school that would meet our standards. If the training you finish or plan to start is not listed in our IRYS directory, please consult with us. This can also be due to them being in the process of application.
IRYE 400
INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED YOGA EXPERT I IRYE 400
For IRYE`s that have successfully completed a professional-level minimum of 400 instructional hours. The hours can include the techniques of physical and mental level, combination of contact and non-contact hours. The total of 400 hours can be a sum of education taken from different IRYS`s or any school that would meet our standards. If the training you finish or plan to start is not listed in our IRYS directory, please consult with us. This can also be due to them being in the process of application.
IRYE 300
INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED YOGA EXPERT I IRYE 300
For IRYE`s that have successfully completed a professional-level additional minimum of 300 instructional hours of yoga training. The hours can include the techniques of physical and mental level, combination of contact and non-contact hours. The total of 300 hours can be a sum of education taken from different IRYS`s or any school that would meet our standards. If the training you finish or plan to start is not listed in our IRYS directory, please consult with us. This can also be due to them being in the process of application.
IRYE 200
INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED YOGA EXPERT I IRYE 200
IRYE 200 credential is granted for the IYRE`s who have gone through an additional 200 hours of yoga training including the techniques of physical and mental level, contact and non-contact hours. Please, note that this is a very specific mark intended for all those who have already completed a combination of 200 Hour Yoga Training by an IRYS or any school that would meet our health and safety standards. If the training you finish or plan to start is not listed in our IRYS directory, please consult with us. This can also be due to them being in the process of application.
IRYE 100
INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED YOGA EXPERT I IRYE 100
IRYE
INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED YOGA EXPERT
For yoga experts who successfully completed the International Yoga Expert Certification Program.
For IRYE 100, IRYE 200, IRYE 300, IRYE 400 and IRYE 500, having the IRYE mark is a prerequisite.
IRYS
INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED YOGA SCHOOL I IRYS
We are proud to have you as an International Registered Yoga School.
American Yoga Association has been working since 2014 to share the love of genuine yoga expertise and to help all forms of yoga to create a healthy living community around the world.
We provide yoga schools with qualifications whose training program meets or exceeds our specifications. In place to ensure that every student graduating from the AYA affiliated school is well skilled, we always focus on maintaining a high standard of yoga education.
For yoga teacher training programs of different lineages, styles, or methodologies, AYA offers International Registered Yoga School (IRYS) credentials. Each school will be officially identified in our "International Yoga Directory" upon completion of the school registration, with lifetime support from the organization.
div
YOGA
Yoga is made up of hundreds of thousands of different techniques. These techniques are the basis of the Yoga system and as such can satisfy any and all needs. Practised in its original form, Yoga, has a postive impact on all aspects of the human organism and its development.An explaination of Yoga can actually be found in Vedic literature.These explanations usually come in the format of a brief summary. The basic knowledge conveyed in Vedic literature is explained in more detail in the books of Brahmana, Aranyaka and Upanishada. Nevertheless, it is imperative that the techniques introduced in Yoga system are learned in their particular aspects under the guidance of an actual Yoga master.
Yoga system is called Maha-Yoga and consists of eight parts. These eight parts—technically referred to as Ashta-Anga— constitute elements of the general structure of the Yoga system. Ashta is the Sanskrit word for “eight” and Anga the Sanskrit word for “part”. In each of the eight parts there are hundreds of thousands of techniques introduced. Thus, the modus operandi of the basic practice consists of eight parts.
The Yoga system is based on progressive control. Yama (control) is developed step by step and reaches its highest level with Samyama (super-control). Sam which means “super” is attached here to Yama (control) as a prefix. Yama is closely linked to “concentration”. At this level of Samyama, concentration developes into super-concentration, which is called Samadhi. Concentration is at once linked to “connection”. When concentration reachest its highest level, connection becomes super-connection which is called Samyoga. Thus, at the level of super-control, concentration turns into super-concentration and connection into super-connection. The condition reached at this level is what we refer to as Yoga, which stands for unification. This explains why the Yoga system is considered to contain the following three aspects:
- Samyama (Super-control)
- Samadhi (Super-concentration)
- Samyoga (Super-connection)
In order to arrive at this superior level of Yoga it is absolutely necessary that the power of control is developed step by step and in stages. An advancement on the way to spiritual evolution requires that the techniques constituting each of the eight stages of Yoga are practiced correctly and on a regular basis.
Yoga Is Not a Religion
Although Yogapresents detailed information and techniques regarding the ‘soul’, Yoga is not a religion. Yoga is a spiritual science. By learning this science, an individual understands the fundamentals of all religions. Yoga is a universal development system.
Yoga develops a human on the subjects of consciousness and soul, yet it is not a religion based on theology and rituals. There is no hierarchy or worshiping of a leader or a deity in Yoga. Yoga is a source of spiritual information. By acquiring this information, an individual comprehends the basic principles of all religions.
Yoga is a cultural and spiritual branch of knowledge that is open to all humans without regard of class, faith, color, race, gender and age. Perhaps the only essential quality necessary to begin Yoga is to accept the existence of the secret potentials of the human consciousness and to have the will to reach the summit of consciousness by practicing Yoga techniques.
The factor that differentiates Yoga from religions is its perspective on the body, mind and emotions. Religions perceive the body, mind and emotions as an obstruction on the path to enlightenment and as a means of sin. Whereas Yoga teaches that the body, mind and emotions are a part of the universal truth and how it can be used for humankind to develop, become enlightened and ascend.
When the body, mind and emotions are cleaned and filled with positive energy by means of Yoga techniques, the individual is naturally freed of negative desires, thoughts and actions. By using one’s free will in a positive manner and enhancing one’s self-confidence, a person takes on the responsibility of his/her destiny and is emancipated from the slavery of destiny. An individual thus draws up his/her own destiny on the path to improving positiveness and unison without waiting for the mercy of others.
Body workout and stretching
Postures ( Asana) in Yoga are effective instruments to get into shape and keep fit. Joints stretch, long muscles grow without any fat. Muscle force, flexibility, movement of joints, endurance and resistance increase. The body learns new movement styles.
According to Yoga philosophy; “A flexible spine means a young body”. By means of Yoga postures, the spine stays flexible, strong and healthy. Physical balance and coordination improve, body posture returns and awareness of physical movement increases.
Implementation of Asanas ( postures), the third step of Yoga treats and prevents many diseases. Application of Asanas regulates sympathetic and parasympathetic functions of the nervous system. When mental and physical balances of the organism are disturbed, these neural functions work against each other and tension, stress and psychosomatic diseases occur. This leads to diabetes, ulcer, constipation, cold, anger and other diseases.
Regular practice of the postures enables maintaining harmonic balance of the body. Combining correct postures with correct breathing prevents and cures psychosomatic diseases. These exercises keep the body alive and vigorous, regulate metabolism and increase concentration. When inverted postures are performed, pumping of the blood in the upper parts of the body and the circulatory system is stimulated through gravity. Thanks to the postures, nervous system gains strength, functions of glands are regulated, dormant internal organs activated and residues in digestive and secretive channels are excreted.
One who performs the postures gains agility, balance, resistance and great vitality. Application of Asanas activates every muscle, nerve, and gland in the body. This practice provides a well shaped, strong, flexible and elastic physique; reduces fatigue and calms the nerves. But the most important return of Asanas is a controlled and disciplined mind.
Yoga postures should be applied originally using the correct technique and sequencing. Entering and coming out of Asanas should be done correctly. In the postures, breath should be taken in and out correctly. Correctly performed Asanas protect the health of the body, regulate blood circulation, massage internal organs, make the muscles, joints and tendons healthy, accelerate metabolism, strengthen the immune system, maintain weight-length and hot-cold balances, regulate bio energy flows and strengthen the bio energy field of the body. Asanas should be done with the right rhythm in harmony with the mind.
According to Yoga teaching, Asana should be performed spontaneously, without forcing. During the implementation, if the muscles are relaxed and unnecessary contraction is relieved; the body takes required form itself. Most beginners contract their muscles while working and force themselves with ambition. To avoid this, always follow yourselves and be patient.
You should understand thoroughly the difference between correct stretching the muscles and forcing them. A sweet feeling of pain in the muscles felt during the fixed postures is the indication of their stretching. However, when this pain becomes bitter and start to bother, it should be understood that the muscles are forced. In this case, you should finish your practice without staying in the posture for a long time. In order to perceive the difference between correct stretching and forcing, the mind should monitor what is being done and the conscious should be awake.
During the fixed postures, muscles gain flexibility. Duration of the stay in the posture is the time allowed for the muscle to stretch. The muscles shall never be forced while performing the posture. When the muscle is forced, it contracts to protect itself. In this case, forcing will not give positive results and the muscles may be injured. You should relax the muscles in order to stretch them. Use your mind and breath for this. While staying in the posture, mentally focus on the contracted muscle and with each out breath, relax that muscle. This is the shortest way to stretch the muscle. The muscles relax and stretch easily when the breath is given out. The flexibility gained in this way is permanent and will not cause any muscle pain. The body is dough and it should be kneaded in a balanced way.
The cause of body stiffness is blockage of bio energy channels and accumulated toxins because of those blockages. Thanks to application of Pranayama techniques, Nadi channels get rid of blockages, bio energy circulates freely in the body and by removing the accumulated toxins from the body, health is protected. Through the postures performed after Pranayama techniques, the body stretches more easily, the postures that seem impossible to perform are performed easily and the movements in the postures become more clear and elegant. This increases the life energy taken into the body and its utilization.
When the energy circulation in the body increases, application of Asanas becomes much easier, natural. While doing sports, fast working muscles drifted with the speed of movement and become hard. Whereas when performing the Asanas, slow working muscles use their own power and stretch. Rough motions in sports cause lack of oxygen in the muscle which leads to frequent respiration. So the lungs are forced, heart is tired and wears down. But in order to be healthy, not only muscles, all integral organs and glands have to work in a balanced way. Practice of Yoga produce an energy surplus in the body.
What is Yoga?
The knowledge of Yoga could perhaps be compared to a river. A river begins it’s journey from pure and clean water sources in the mountains. Although, we can find the clearest water at the beginning of the river, this water can often become muddy and contaminated as it flows downward and reaches the ocean. By no means can water taken from the foot of a river show how clean and clear it actually was at its source. Therefore, if we try to determine its quality at the place where the river reaches the ocean, we would inevitably1come to the wrong conclusions.
If we want to understand the essence and particularities of the water we need to examine the river at its source. Similarly, in order to grasp the Origional Yoga System fully and correctly we need to derive the knowledge of Yoga from its original sources. Today, the knowledge of Yoga represented in so-called “yoga” books resembles the muddy waters of a river that has reached the ocean. Such books not only misinform and confuse their readers, but they also propagate conflicting ideas. As a result, people tend to believe that there are many different types of Yoga. This in turn leads to disputes about the superiority of one type of Yoga over another. This confusion further opens up discussions on whether Yoga is to be considered a religion or not. The present book provides the reader with transparency-glasses to see through this confusion. Thus, with these glasses on readers can plunge into the muddy waters of contemporary discourses on Yoga and be able to see right from wrong for themselves. In other words, with the knowledge-glasses we are providing in this book it will be possible for anyone to distinguish between correct and false information on Yoga.
The Benefits of Yoga
People have been doing Yoga for hundreds of thousands of years because Yoga is beneficial to them. In this chapter, we will give a short summary of the benefits of Yoga. You will be able to attain these benefits when you begin the Yoga system. What we will explain here are the benefits you will achieve from Yoga. Those so-called schools or kinds of ‘yoga’ that are currently widespread cannot yield these benefits.
When one practices the principles known as Yama, positive inclinations will strengthen, positive energy and motivation will increase, and a person will feel that he/she is part of the universe.
When one practices the principles known as Niyama, negative inclinations are eliminated, bad habits are overcome, negative energy is expelled and a person will realize that he/she is a member of the family of all the living beings in the universe.
The postures named Asana work on the spine and stretch it, make it suppler and healthier. The central nervous system is fed with oxygenized blood and is strengthened. The body exercises flex the joints, strengthen and lengthen the muscles, stimulate and invigorate the inner organs. The blocked energy is set free, the body becomes energetic and lively. The whole body, organs and muscles are purified with nutritional materials, oxygenated blood and bioenergy. Each and every cell is purified, renewed and enlivened. The respiratory, nervous, cardiovascular, circulatory, digestive and excretory systems become healthier and work more efficiently. Brain functions become more orderly, the mind becomes sharper, stress is expelled and fatigue is overcome. (For more detailed information, refer to the book titled Yoga: Asanas – The Art of Body Development.)
Yoga postures develop and improve the blood and lymph circulation. The head down postures supply more blood to the brain and lungs. Consequently these organs are cleansed with oxygenated blood and are purified and revitalized, the toxins accumulated in the brain are expelled and brain functions improve. The legs are cleansed of accumulated blood which contains waste products and consequently rest. Since the effect of gravity is reversed, the heart is freed of its function of pumping blood to the brain and thus relaxes. The body relaxes as a result of the stimulation on the sympathetic nervous system, leading to a higher quality of sleep. The mood and outlook on life changes positively.
The exercises involving bending postures act as a natural massage on the body, and thus revitalize the muscles and inner organs, increase blood circulation, speed up the transfer of nutrients and expel the toxins. Problems related to the spine, waist, hips and groins are overcome. Toxins are expelled and the body is cleansed.
Postures which involve bending forward exert pressure on the inner organs of the abdomen, initiate their movements and purify them. The digestive and excretory systems are stimulated and begin to function more efficiently. The muscles on the back of the body and joints become more flexible. The kidneys and adrenal glands relax and fatigue is overcome, the urinary system works more efficiently, and energy is replenished. The mind becomes serene and awareness increases. When a person turns inwards, emotions calm down and anxiety decrease
The History of Yoga
In order to study the history of Yoga, we must view the history of the universe. Some souls become curious about a life independent from The Absolute Being and come from the spiritual universe to the material universe. Souls must incarnate so as to be able to realize their objectives in the material universe. While the incarnated soul pursues an imaginary freedom, he/she imitates God, changes many bodies and experiences adventures. Finally, after having repeatedly experienced temporary material happiness and agonies, he/she becomes bored with life in the material universe. Thus one day he/she awakens and begins to long for his/her true spiritual nature, wants to return to the spiritual universe and exerts effort to actualize this aim. The Yoga science and practice is a return ticket for the soul to pass from the material universe to the spiritual universe.
For this reason, when the material universe was created, first of all the science of Yoga was given to souls which were there. This is the most important science because souls can escape from the material world by means of this science and return to the spiritual universe. The material universe is created and destroyed in eternal cycles. When the material universe materializes anew, those souls which haven’t been able to return to the spiritual universe incarnate and continue their education. Yoga exists so that souls can escape from these eternal cycles.
The earth is renewed around every 5 or 6 million years. These renewals have taken place in the form of floods. After the waters receded, life on land began again. Following the establishment of balances of all forms of life on earth, people came down from a higher planet system and brought Yoga and other knowledge with them. These people spoke the Sanskrit language and the knowledge was named Veda. Thus the first civilization on earth began. The name of this civilization was Ari Civilization. The word Ari means ‘enlightened person’. The Aris mean enlightened people, Ari civilization means ‘society of enlightened people’. The word Ari is not the name of a race or tribe. The people of the Ari civilization practiced the techniques of Yoga, mastered the body, mind and emotions, and were in continual contact with The Universal Consciousness without detaching themselves from nature.
The Aris’ memories were so powerful that once they heard something, they never forgot it. That’s why they had no need for written information, that is to say they did not need books. The science of Yoga was passed down orally from master to student for millions of years. In those days the continents were connected as one and the Ari civilization ruled the whole world. That is why there are Sanskrit words in all the languages in our world. When we study the ancient civilizations of our world, we can see that they have all come from the same origin. Yoga postures are engraved on relics found in excavations in different parts of the world.
What is Yoga?
Yoga is a word in Sanskrit, the oldest language in the world and mother tongue of this planet. The word Yoga comes from the same root as the word Yuj. Yuj means ‘yoke’. Thus Yoga means ‘to control’. In other words, Yoga means a perfect control of the body, emotions and mind.
The word Yoga also means ‘to unite’, in other words it means: to unite humans with everything, living and inanimate, in the universe. The different life conditions in our day gradually separate people from a natural life. Humans are becoming more and more detached from nature whereas Yoga maintains a continual link between humans and nature and the universe.
Consequently, Yoga means ‘to become a united whole’. This means a perfect harmony and union of the body, mind and soul on one hand, and the individual consciousness to become a united whole or establish contact with The Universal Consciousness on the other hand. Thus by practicing Yoga a person can totally control his/her body, emotions and mind. He/She is not detached from nature and the universe. Consequently, he/she remains in contact with The Universal Consciousness.
BYLAWS
American Yoga Association Inc.
A California Nonprofit Public Benefit Corporation
Bylaws
Adopted, February 2, 2014
ARTICLE I
NAME AND LOCATION
SECTION 1. NAME
The name of the organization is American Yoga Association, Incorporated (herein referred to as “AYA”) as a nonprofit corporation established in accordance with California State law on February 14, 2014.
SECTION 2. LOCATION
The principal office shall be fixed within or without the State of California, as determined by the Board of Directors (“Board”).
ARTICLE II
PURPOSE AND FUNCTIONS
SECTION 1. PURPOSE
The purpose for which the Corporation is organized and operated are public and charitable within the meaning of Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (or the corresponding provision of any future United States Internal Revenue Code), as stated in the Corporation’s Articles of Incorporation.
SECTION 2. FUNCTIONS
Functions of the Corporation will be in alignment with the established mission and vision set forth by the governing board. Functions and activities will include and will not be limited to the following:
A. To educate the public about the teachings of Yoga.
B. To instruct and train the public in the principles of Yoga as well as to uphold a level of teaching standards.
C. To arrange Yoga demonstrations, meetings, workshops, conventions, conferences, tournaments, lectures, and arrange Yoga intensive studies which would be open to the general public both international and abroad.
D. To train and assess applicants for qualifications to teach Yoga and issue certifications upon satisfaction of its standards.
E. To maintain the AYA Certification.
F. To maintain a national and international registry of certified teachers and assessors.
G. To promote and advance the study and the practice of Yoga; and research into the therapeutic effects of Yoga as a means of improving the mental, physical; and spiritual health of the community, and to publish the useful results of any such research.
H. To research and implement ways to better train the practitioners and teachers of Yoga.
I. To research and implement ways to better serve the community through the techniques of Yoga.
J. To sponsor, organize, and fund events and activities that are consistent with the purpose of the Corporation with or without co-operating with other charities, non-profit Corporations, funds, foundations, organizations, schools, and hospitals that are both domestic and abroad within the meaning of Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (or the corresponding provision of any future United States Internal Revenue Code), as stated in the Corporation’s Articles of Incorporation.
K. To establish a reference library and maintain archives of pertinent materials.
L. To establish publications on the principles of Yoga.
M. To establish a newsletter, online media, and other means of disseminating information consistent with our purposes.
N. To employ staff, own property, raise funds, incur expense or do any other thing in pursuance of these functions within the meaning of Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (or the corresponding provision of any future United States Internal Revenue Code), as stated in the Corporation’s Articles of Incorporation.
MEMBERSHIP
SECTION 1. MEMBERSHIP
The corporation is a membership organization. The purpose of membership in the Corporation is to promote community understanding, commitment, and support for the mission, strategic plan, and services of the Corporation. The purpose of membership is to study, teach, disseminate and promote the art, science, and philosophy of the Original Yoga System for the purposes of community healing and education. Membership is open to all persons interested in the purposes of this nonprofit, public benefit corporation regardless of his or her ethnicity, race, belief, gender, and nationality. Any individual who receives a Yoga certification from the AYA is automatically registered as a member for a year.
(A) VOTING RIGHTS
Members who satisfy qualification standards set forth by the Executive Committee (hereby referred to as the Committee), shall be entitled to one vote for the nomination of any Special Committee member.
SECTION 2. ANNUAL DUES
Members shall pay annual dues as may be determined by the Board. The intent of the funds collected from fees is for the basic maintenance of the organization. Membership shall continue for each year in which it is similarly renewed unless sooner terminated.
SECTION 3. TERMINATION OF MEMBERSHIP
Membership is deemed terminated for any member whose dues are in arrears for a period of three (3) months. Membership may also be terminated by a request of withdrawal from the member or a vote of two-thirds (2/3) of the Executive Committee whenever in its best judgment the best interests of the Corporation would be served thereby. A membership is also terminated by death or by resignation. In the event of termination of membership, dues shall not be refunded.
ARTICLE VI
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
SECTION 1. GENERAL POWERS
The affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by its President and the Board. The Board may, from time to time, hire or designate staff, paid or volunteer, to carry out the Board’s direction under the oversight of the Board.
SECTION 2. NUMBER, TENURE, ELECTION AND QUALIFICATIONS.
There shall at all times be at least three (3) and no more than five (5) Directors. Each Director shall be elected by the Board and serve in office for a term of four (4) years unless re-elected or until his or her earlier death, resignation, or removal from office. The terms of office of the Directors shall be staggered as determined by the Board.
SECTION 3. NOMINATION
Election of new directors will be the first item of business three months after their nomination. Nominees receiving the highest number of votes by the Board are elected with the final approval of the Chair. A Director may be re-elected to serve additional terms. Re-election of current directors to additional terms will occur as the first item at the end of each calendar year after their four (4) year term, his/her earlier death, resignation, or removal from office.
SECTION 4. QUORUM
No less than fifty-one percent of the current members of the Board shall constitute a quorum, provided there are a minimum of three (3) Directors present, before business can be transacted or motions made or passed. Each director shall have one vote in the functioning of the Board, and such voting may not be done by proxy.
SECTION 5. VACANCIES.
Vacancies occurring in a Board or Officer position by death, resignation, refusal to serve, or otherwise, may be temporarily be appointed by the Chair for a maximum of (3) months, or by an immediate replacement election.
SECTION 6. RESIGNATION AND REPLACEMENT.
A Board member will cease to hold office if: he or she resigns, commits unlawful actionsagainst fellow Board member(s), is absent without permission of the Board for three or more consecutive meetings, or becomes incapable of serving for any reason, then the Board resolves to vacate that office. If a member ceases to hold office before expiration of his or her term, there will be an immediate replacement election.
ARTICLE VI
MEETINGS OF THE BOARD
SECTION 1. MEETINGS.
5.1 Place of Meetings. The meetings of the Board shall be held at a place determined by the Board.
5.2 Regular Meetings. The Board shall meet at least quarterly, at an agreed upon time and place.
5.3 Special Meetings. Special meetings of the Board may be called at any time by the President or by a 2/3rds majority of the Board. The agenda of any special meeting will be announced at the time notice is given.
5.4 Notice of Meetings. Regular meetings shall be called on at least ten (10) days notice and special meetings on at least five (5) days notice. Notice of regular or special meetings may be provided by electronic transmission in accordance with applicable law.
5.5 Waiver of notice. Attendance of a Director at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting except when a Director attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened.
5.6 Meetings by Communications Equipment. Members of the Board or any committee designated by the Board may participate in a meeting of such Board or committee by means of a conference telephone or similar communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other at the same time, and participation by such means shall constitute presence of the person at a meeting.
SECTION 2. QUORUM.
5.2.1 Quorum. At all meetings of the Board, a majority of the total Directors then in office shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business.
5.2.2 Voting of Directors. The voting of the majority of the Directors at a meeting at which a quorum has been established shall be the act of the Board, unless a vote of a greater number is required by these Bylaws. Any act of the Board may also be taken without a meeting by unanimous written consent of all Board members to the motion presented to them in writing.
ARTICLE VII
COMPENSATION AND DUTIES OF DIRECTORS
SECTION 1. COMPENSATION
Directors shall not receive any compensation for their services as Directors, but the Board may, by resolution, authorize the reimbursement of reasonable expenses incurred in the performance of their duties. Such authorization shall prescribe the procedure for approval of payment for such expenses by designated Officers of the Corporation. The Board may grant a permit to a former Director to provide goods or services to the Corporation either directly or on behalf of a corporation or other person or entity. The Board may permit the Corporation and the former Director (or the relevant third party) to enter into a written agreement, for consideration, upon a vote of at least two- thirds (2/3) of the Board members present at the meeting at which the proposals submitted by the AYA are considered and the vote is taken.
SECTION 2. DUTIES
Directors have fiduciary duties and obligations to serve on the Board and act in the best interests of the Corporation and to avoid conflicts of interest as provided in these Bylaws, the General Policies of the Corporation, and applicable law.
ARTICLE IX
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE
SECTION 1. MEMBERS
The Executive Committee shall have the following members: the President, Secretary, Treasurer, and the Chair of any Special Committees. The President shall chair the Executive Committee. The President will attend and participate in Executive Committee meetings as ex officio, non-voting members, except those meetings or portions thereof that address the evaluation or compensation of the President.
1. Powers. The Executive Committee may exercise the powers of the Board between regular meetings of the Board, in accordance with the policies and procedures established by the Board to govern the actions of the Committee. The Executive Committee is charged with periodic evaluation and determining the compensation of the President. The Executive Committee shall conduct a review of the policies of the Corporation, including these Bylaws and the strategic plan, and make recommendation to the Board for any revision thereto, on an annual basis or according to such other schedule as determined by the Executive Committee. The Executive Committee shall keep a record of its proceedings and shall report the same to the Board at the next following meeting of the Board.
SECTION II: QUOROM AND VOTING.
A majority of the Committee shall constitute a quorum, and action of the Committee may be taken by a majority vote at a meeting where a quorum is present.
ARTICLE X
SPECIAL COMMITTEES
The Board may designate, elect, appoint, hire or dismiss any such committees, task forces, working groups, panels, or advisory bodies of any sort (each a “Special Committee”) as it shall deem necessary to carry out the purpose, mission, and function of the Corporation in accordance with the Articles of Incorporation, these Bylaws, and the General Policies of the Corporation, or as may be required by law. All Special Committees shall be advisory in nature.
The Board Chair appoints all committee chairs. Each such Special Committee shall include among its members a least two (2) Directors. A simple majority of members of any Special Committee shall constitute a quorum, and action by a Special Committee shall be taken by a majority vote of the members where a quorum is present. Each Special Committee shall report to the Board on any actions taken by the committee since the preceding Board meeting.
A. CERTIFICATION COMMITTEE
The Certification Committee shall develop guidelines for the yoga training, certification, and the maintenance of continued education hours of AYA trainers. Such guidelines must first be approved by the President before its incorporation into the AYA Certification Manual and AYA Assessors Manual. Notice of official changes must appear on the website for a minimum of three (3) months, and additional electronic notice shall be sent to certified trainers. The Certification Committee is responsible for the coordination and oversight of all certification processes, and addressing any grievances regarding the certification process.
B. ETHICS COMMITTEE
The Ethics Committee oversees the ethical standards for the AYA. The Ethics Committee has the power to open an investigation and subsequently, a forum with any person(s) or entities that utilize the AYA name. Complaints for investigation can be brought forth from an AYA yoga trainer or any active student or member in the form of either: two (2) separate occurring notice for a grievance with evidence, OR one (1) violation of code set forth by the AYA Certification Manual. The Ethics Committee has the power to recommend appropriate sanctions to the Executive Committee, and if necessary, the pursuit of legal actions with the approval of the Executive Committee.
ARTICLE VIII
OFFICERS
SECTION 1. ELECTION, TITLE, AND TERM.
The Officers of the Corporation that are filled at all times are the President, Secretary, and Treasurer. Additional positions may be created and amended under company policies. All such positions shall be elective, except that the President shall jointly be the chief staff officers and ex officio appointive officers of the Corporation. Each elective Officer shall be elected by the Board of Directors from amongst themselves, from a slate of candidates nominated at least two (2) weeks prior to the meeting at which Officers are selected, in accordance with any policies, procedures and guidelines established by the Board. Each elective Officer shall serve for a term of four (4) years, or until a successor has been selected.
SECTION 2. DUTIES.
The duties of the Officers of the Corporation shall be such as usually appertain to such offices of corporations generally, except as may be otherwise prescribed by these Bylaws or by the Board, and include but are not limited to the following:
2.2 Officers and Duties. There shall be, at all times, three officers of the Board consisting of a President, Secretary and Treasurer.
a.) President. The President shall convene the quarterly Board meetings, and preside or arrange for other members of the executive committee to preside at each meeting in the following order: Secretary and Treasurer. The President, subject to the direction of the Board, the Executive Committee, and the duties specified in these Bylaws or other governing documents, shall supervise, direct and control the business affairs of the Corporation. The President holds the power to call for a review and revote for a maximum of three (3) quorums each annual year for the best interests of the corporation.
b.) Secretary. The Secretary shall have and perform such powers, authority and responsibilities as are incident to the position of secretary, which shall be to act as secretary and record minutes of all meetings of the Board, of the committees of the Board, of annual meetings of the Corporation, and of meetings of advisory councils to the Board, to record the proceedings of such meetings in a book or books to be kept for that purpose, and to have sole custody of such minutes and records. The Secretary shall see that all notices and agenda that are to be given are duly given. In addition to any powers, authority and responsibilities of the Secretary pursuant to Section 8.3, the Secretary shall, when requested, counsel with and advise the other officers of the Corporation. The Secretary shall report directly to the President.
c) Treasurer. The Treasurer oversees the Corporation’s financial and accounting operations. Responsibilities of the Treasurer will include but will not be limited to, accepting and depositing donations, keeping financial records, maintaining a bank account in the organization’s name, manage accurate accounting books, sending receipts of charitable contributions to donors, convening and providing leadership to the Finance Committee, providing financial statements and guidance to the President and the Board of Directors. The Treasurer will work with a professional accountant, tax professional, and auditors upon approval of the board in regards to annual financial filings and legal matters. The Treasurer shall keep and maintain in written form adequate and correct books and records of account of the properties and business transactions of the Corporation, including accounts of its assets, liabilities, receipts, gains, disbursements, gains and losses. The books and records of account shall be at all times open to inspection by any Director of the Corporation. The Treasurer shall disburse the funds of the Corporation as ordered by the Board of Directors, and shall render to the Directors, on request, an account of all such officer’s transactions as Treasurer, and of the financial condition of the Corporation.
All Officers shall perform such other duties as the Board may direct, and, at the expiration of each Officer’s term, he or she shall deliver to the Board all property and records of the Corporation that may have come into his or her possession or control.
ARTICLE IX
CONTRACTS, CHECKS, DEPOSITS AND FUND
SECTION 1. AUTHORIZATION
The Board may authorize any Officer, agent, or agents, to enter into any contract or execute and deliver any instrument in the name of and on behalf of the Corporation, and such authority may be general or confined to specific instances. All checks, drafts, or other orders for the payment of money, notes, or other evidences of indebtedness issued in the name of the Corporation shall be signed by such Officer or Officers, agent or agents, of the Corporation and in such manner as shall from time to time be determined by resolution of the Board.
SECTION 2. ACCEPTANCE OF GIFTS.
The Board or any Officer or Officers may accept on behalf of the Corporation any contribution, gift, or bequest for the general purposes or for any special purpose of the Corporation.
SECTION 3. AUDITS.
Upon request of the Board, the accounts of the Corporation will be audited by a reputable certified public accountant, whose report shall be submitted to the Board and filed accordingly.
ARTICLE X
INDEMNIFICATION AND INSURANCE
SECTION 1. INDEMINIFICATION
Directors, Officers, and other authorized employees or agents of the Corporation shall be indemnified against claims for liability arising in connection with their positions or activities on behalf of the Corporation to the full extent permitted by law.
SECTION 2. INSURANCE
The Corporation shall maintain liability insurance, including Directors and Officers Liability insurance, in such amounts and under such terms as the Board may from time to time determine.
ARTICLE XI
Non-Partisan Activity
This Corporation has been formed under the California Corporation Law for the purposes described herein above in Article II, and it shall be nonprofit and nonpartisan. No substantial part of the activities of the Corporation shall consist of the publication or dissemination of materials with the purpose of attempting to influence legislation; nor shall the Corporation participate or intervene in any political campaign on behalf of any candidate for public office or for or against any clause or measure being submitted to the people for a vote. The Corporation shall not, except in an insubstantial degree, engage in any activities or exercise any powers that are not in furtherance of its purpose.
ARTICLE XII
Dedication of Assets
The property of this corporation is irrevocably dedicated to charitable purposes and no part of the net income or assets of this corporation shall ever inure to the benefit of any director, officer or member thereof or to the benefit of any private person. Upon the dissolution or winding up of the corporation, its assets remaining after payment, or provision for payment, of all debts and liabilities of this corporation shall be distributed to a nonprofit fund, foundation or corporation which is organized and operated exclusively for charitable purposes and which has established its tax exempt status under Internal Revenue Code Section 501(c)(3).
ARTICLE XIII
Miscellaneous
1. Amendments.
These Bylaws may be amended, repealed, or changed at any regular or special meeting of the Board by the affirmative vote of a majority of the members of the Board present at any such meeting, provided that notice containing the general effect and intent of the proposed amendments has been given to all members of the Board at least 10 days prior to such meeting.
2. Subject to Law.
All powers, authority and responsibilities provided for in these Bylaws, whether or not explicitly so qualified, are qualified by the provisions of California State Law and applicable laws.
3. Board Resolutions and Policies.
The Board may from time to time adopt policies of the Corporation not inconsistent with the Law or these Bylaws. These policies shall be part of the overall Corporate Policies and Regulations. The policies shall be set forth in Board resolutions or such other policy document and the official version shall be kept in the custody of the Secretary. The President, or his or her designee, shall communicate all statements of purpose adopted by the Board, including the Mission and Strategic Plan of the American Yoga Association, throughout the Corporation.
4. Management Policies and Regulations.
The Board delegates to the President, or his or her designee, the authority to promulgate subordinate written directives, policies and regulations of the Corporation not inconsistent with the Congressional Charter, these Bylaws, or any other action, resolution, or policy of the Board. These Management Policies and Regulations shall be part of the overall Corporate Policies and Regulations. Until the proper election of the Ethics Committee Board delegates to the President, or his or her designee, the authority to develop processes and procedures to enforce Management Policies and Regulations and secure compliance with said policies and to take any remedial or corrective action deemed appropriate and not inconsistent with the law, these Bylaws, or any other action, resolution, or policy of the Board.
5. Fiscal Year.
The fiscal year of the Corporation, shall commence and end on dates fixed from time to time by resolution of the Board.
6. Corporate Policies and Regulations.
The Corporation including the officers, directors, employees, volunteers, agents, and representatives thereof shall comply fully with all applicable provisions of Corporate Policies and Regulations.
7. Dissolution.
All the assets and net earnings of the Corporation are irrevocably dedicated to charitable purposes and no interest therein shall ever inure to the benefit of any member of the Board, officer, member, or private person or entity. In the event of dissolution the corporate assets shall be transferred for charitable purposes to such entity as may be designated by law.
8. Seal.
The corporate seal shall be in such form as the Board shall approve. The seal may be used by causing it or a facsimile thereof to be impressed or affixed or otherwise reproduced.
IRYE 500
INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED YOGA EXPERT I IRYE 500
For IRYE`s that have successfully completed a professional-level minimum of 500 instructional hours. The hours can include the techniques of physical and mental level, combination of contact and non-contact hours. The total of 500 hours can be a sum of education taken from different IRYS`s or any school that would meet our standards. If the training you finish or plan to start is not listed in our IRYS directory, please consult with us. This can also be due to them being in the process of application.
IRYE 400
INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED YOGA EXPERT I IRYE 400
For IRYE`s that have successfully completed a professional-level minimum of 400 instructional hours. The hours can include the techniques of physical and mental level, combination of contact and non-contact hours. The total of 400 hours can be a sum of education taken from different IRYS`s or any school that would meet our standards. If the training you finish or plan to start is not listed in our IRYS directory, please consult with us. This can also be due to them being in the process of application.
IRYE 300
INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED YOGA EXPERT I IRYE 300
For IRYE`s that have successfully completed a professional-level additional minimum of 300 instructional hours of yoga training. The hours can include the techniques of physical and mental level, combination of contact and non-contact hours. The total of 300 hours can be a sum of education taken from different IRYS`s or any school that would meet our standards. If the training you finish or plan to start is not listed in our IRYS directory, please consult with us. This can also be due to them being in the process of application.
IRYE 200
INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED YOGA EXPERT I IRYE 200
IRYE 200 credential is granted for the IYRE`s who have gone through an additional 200 hours of yoga training including the techniques of physical and mental level, contact and non-contact hours. Please, note that this is a very specific mark intended for all those who have already completed a combination of 200 Hour Yoga Training by an IRYS or any school that would meet our health and safety standards. If the training you finish or plan to start is not listed in our IRYS directory, please consult with us. This can also be due to them being in the process of application.
IRYE 100
INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED YOGA EXPERT I IRYE 100
IRYE
INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED YOGA EXPERT
For yoga experts who successfully completed the International Yoga Expert Certification Program.
For IRYE 100, IRYE 200, IRYE 300, IRYE 400 and IRYE 500, having the IRYE mark is a prerequisite.
IRYS
INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED YOGA SCHOOL I IRYS
We are proud to have you as an International Registered Yoga School.
American Yoga Association has been working since 2014 to share the love of genuine yoga expertise and to help all forms of yoga to create a healthy living community around the world.
We provide yoga schools with qualifications whose training program meets or exceeds our specifications. In place to ensure that every student graduating from the AYA affiliated school is well skilled, we always focus on maintaining a high standard of yoga education.
For yoga teacher training programs of different lineages, styles, or methodologies, AYA offers International Registered Yoga School (IRYS) credentials. Each school will be officially identified in our "International Yoga Directory" upon completion of the school registration, with lifetime support from the organization.
div
YOGA
Yoga is made up of hundreds of thousands of different techniques. These techniques are the basis of the Yoga system and as such can satisfy any and all needs. Practised in its original form, Yoga, has a postive impact on all aspects of the human organism and its development.An explaination of Yoga can actually be found in Vedic literature.These explanations usually come in the format of a brief summary. The basic knowledge conveyed in Vedic literature is explained in more detail in the books of Brahmana, Aranyaka and Upanishada. Nevertheless, it is imperative that the techniques introduced in Yoga system are learned in their particular aspects under the guidance of an actual Yoga master.
Yoga system is called Maha-Yoga and consists of eight parts. These eight parts—technically referred to as Ashta-Anga— constitute elements of the general structure of the Yoga system. Ashta is the Sanskrit word for “eight” and Anga the Sanskrit word for “part”. In each of the eight parts there are hundreds of thousands of techniques introduced. Thus, the modus operandi of the basic practice consists of eight parts.
The Yoga system is based on progressive control. Yama (control) is developed step by step and reaches its highest level with Samyama (super-control). Sam which means “super” is attached here to Yama (control) as a prefix. Yama is closely linked to “concentration”. At this level of Samyama, concentration developes into super-concentration, which is called Samadhi. Concentration is at once linked to “connection”. When concentration reachest its highest level, connection becomes super-connection which is called Samyoga. Thus, at the level of super-control, concentration turns into super-concentration and connection into super-connection. The condition reached at this level is what we refer to as Yoga, which stands for unification. This explains why the Yoga system is considered to contain the following three aspects:
- Samyama (Super-control)
- Samadhi (Super-concentration)
- Samyoga (Super-connection)
In order to arrive at this superior level of Yoga it is absolutely necessary that the power of control is developed step by step and in stages. An advancement on the way to spiritual evolution requires that the techniques constituting each of the eight stages of Yoga are practiced correctly and on a regular basis.
Yoga Is Not a Religion
Although Yogapresents detailed information and techniques regarding the ‘soul’, Yoga is not a religion. Yoga is a spiritual science. By learning this science, an individual understands the fundamentals of all religions. Yoga is a universal development system.
Yoga develops a human on the subjects of consciousness and soul, yet it is not a religion based on theology and rituals. There is no hierarchy or worshiping of a leader or a deity in Yoga. Yoga is a source of spiritual information. By acquiring this information, an individual comprehends the basic principles of all religions.
Yoga is a cultural and spiritual branch of knowledge that is open to all humans without regard of class, faith, color, race, gender and age. Perhaps the only essential quality necessary to begin Yoga is to accept the existence of the secret potentials of the human consciousness and to have the will to reach the summit of consciousness by practicing Yoga techniques.
The factor that differentiates Yoga from religions is its perspective on the body, mind and emotions. Religions perceive the body, mind and emotions as an obstruction on the path to enlightenment and as a means of sin. Whereas Yoga teaches that the body, mind and emotions are a part of the universal truth and how it can be used for humankind to develop, become enlightened and ascend.
When the body, mind and emotions are cleaned and filled with positive energy by means of Yoga techniques, the individual is naturally freed of negative desires, thoughts and actions. By using one’s free will in a positive manner and enhancing one’s self-confidence, a person takes on the responsibility of his/her destiny and is emancipated from the slavery of destiny. An individual thus draws up his/her own destiny on the path to improving positiveness and unison without waiting for the mercy of others.
Body workout and stretching
Postures ( Asana) in Yoga are effective instruments to get into shape and keep fit. Joints stretch, long muscles grow without any fat. Muscle force, flexibility, movement of joints, endurance and resistance increase. The body learns new movement styles.
According to Yoga philosophy; “A flexible spine means a young body”. By means of Yoga postures, the spine stays flexible, strong and healthy. Physical balance and coordination improve, body posture returns and awareness of physical movement increases.
Implementation of Asanas ( postures), the third step of Yoga treats and prevents many diseases. Application of Asanas regulates sympathetic and parasympathetic functions of the nervous system. When mental and physical balances of the organism are disturbed, these neural functions work against each other and tension, stress and psychosomatic diseases occur. This leads to diabetes, ulcer, constipation, cold, anger and other diseases.
Regular practice of the postures enables maintaining harmonic balance of the body. Combining correct postures with correct breathing prevents and cures psychosomatic diseases. These exercises keep the body alive and vigorous, regulate metabolism and increase concentration. When inverted postures are performed, pumping of the blood in the upper parts of the body and the circulatory system is stimulated through gravity. Thanks to the postures, nervous system gains strength, functions of glands are regulated, dormant internal organs activated and residues in digestive and secretive channels are excreted.
One who performs the postures gains agility, balance, resistance and great vitality. Application of Asanas activates every muscle, nerve, and gland in the body. This practice provides a well shaped, strong, flexible and elastic physique; reduces fatigue and calms the nerves. But the most important return of Asanas is a controlled and disciplined mind.
Yoga postures should be applied originally using the correct technique and sequencing. Entering and coming out of Asanas should be done correctly. In the postures, breath should be taken in and out correctly. Correctly performed Asanas protect the health of the body, regulate blood circulation, massage internal organs, make the muscles, joints and tendons healthy, accelerate metabolism, strengthen the immune system, maintain weight-length and hot-cold balances, regulate bio energy flows and strengthen the bio energy field of the body. Asanas should be done with the right rhythm in harmony with the mind.
According to Yoga teaching, Asana should be performed spontaneously, without forcing. During the implementation, if the muscles are relaxed and unnecessary contraction is relieved; the body takes required form itself. Most beginners contract their muscles while working and force themselves with ambition. To avoid this, always follow yourselves and be patient.
You should understand thoroughly the difference between correct stretching the muscles and forcing them. A sweet feeling of pain in the muscles felt during the fixed postures is the indication of their stretching. However, when this pain becomes bitter and start to bother, it should be understood that the muscles are forced. In this case, you should finish your practice without staying in the posture for a long time. In order to perceive the difference between correct stretching and forcing, the mind should monitor what is being done and the conscious should be awake.
During the fixed postures, muscles gain flexibility. Duration of the stay in the posture is the time allowed for the muscle to stretch. The muscles shall never be forced while performing the posture. When the muscle is forced, it contracts to protect itself. In this case, forcing will not give positive results and the muscles may be injured. You should relax the muscles in order to stretch them. Use your mind and breath for this. While staying in the posture, mentally focus on the contracted muscle and with each out breath, relax that muscle. This is the shortest way to stretch the muscle. The muscles relax and stretch easily when the breath is given out. The flexibility gained in this way is permanent and will not cause any muscle pain. The body is dough and it should be kneaded in a balanced way.
The cause of body stiffness is blockage of bio energy channels and accumulated toxins because of those blockages. Thanks to application of Pranayama techniques, Nadi channels get rid of blockages, bio energy circulates freely in the body and by removing the accumulated toxins from the body, health is protected. Through the postures performed after Pranayama techniques, the body stretches more easily, the postures that seem impossible to perform are performed easily and the movements in the postures become more clear and elegant. This increases the life energy taken into the body and its utilization.
When the energy circulation in the body increases, application of Asanas becomes much easier, natural. While doing sports, fast working muscles drifted with the speed of movement and become hard. Whereas when performing the Asanas, slow working muscles use their own power and stretch. Rough motions in sports cause lack of oxygen in the muscle which leads to frequent respiration. So the lungs are forced, heart is tired and wears down. But in order to be healthy, not only muscles, all integral organs and glands have to work in a balanced way. Practice of Yoga produce an energy surplus in the body.
What is Yoga?
The knowledge of Yoga could perhaps be compared to a river. A river begins it’s journey from pure and clean water sources in the mountains. Although, we can find the clearest water at the beginning of the river, this water can often become muddy and contaminated as it flows downward and reaches the ocean. By no means can water taken from the foot of a river show how clean and clear it actually was at its source. Therefore, if we try to determine its quality at the place where the river reaches the ocean, we would inevitably1come to the wrong conclusions.
If we want to understand the essence and particularities of the water we need to examine the river at its source. Similarly, in order to grasp the Origional Yoga System fully and correctly we need to derive the knowledge of Yoga from its original sources. Today, the knowledge of Yoga represented in so-called “yoga” books resembles the muddy waters of a river that has reached the ocean. Such books not only misinform and confuse their readers, but they also propagate conflicting ideas. As a result, people tend to believe that there are many different types of Yoga. This in turn leads to disputes about the superiority of one type of Yoga over another. This confusion further opens up discussions on whether Yoga is to be considered a religion or not. The present book provides the reader with transparency-glasses to see through this confusion. Thus, with these glasses on readers can plunge into the muddy waters of contemporary discourses on Yoga and be able to see right from wrong for themselves. In other words, with the knowledge-glasses we are providing in this book it will be possible for anyone to distinguish between correct and false information on Yoga.
The Benefits of Yoga
People have been doing Yoga for hundreds of thousands of years because Yoga is beneficial to them. In this chapter, we will give a short summary of the benefits of Yoga. You will be able to attain these benefits when you begin the Yoga system. What we will explain here are the benefits you will achieve from Yoga. Those so-called schools or kinds of ‘yoga’ that are currently widespread cannot yield these benefits.
When one practices the principles known as Yama, positive inclinations will strengthen, positive energy and motivation will increase, and a person will feel that he/she is part of the universe.
When one practices the principles known as Niyama, negative inclinations are eliminated, bad habits are overcome, negative energy is expelled and a person will realize that he/she is a member of the family of all the living beings in the universe.
The postures named Asana work on the spine and stretch it, make it suppler and healthier. The central nervous system is fed with oxygenized blood and is strengthened. The body exercises flex the joints, strengthen and lengthen the muscles, stimulate and invigorate the inner organs. The blocked energy is set free, the body becomes energetic and lively. The whole body, organs and muscles are purified with nutritional materials, oxygenated blood and bioenergy. Each and every cell is purified, renewed and enlivened. The respiratory, nervous, cardiovascular, circulatory, digestive and excretory systems become healthier and work more efficiently. Brain functions become more orderly, the mind becomes sharper, stress is expelled and fatigue is overcome. (For more detailed information, refer to the book titled Yoga: Asanas – The Art of Body Development.)
Yoga postures develop and improve the blood and lymph circulation. The head down postures supply more blood to the brain and lungs. Consequently these organs are cleansed with oxygenated blood and are purified and revitalized, the toxins accumulated in the brain are expelled and brain functions improve. The legs are cleansed of accumulated blood which contains waste products and consequently rest. Since the effect of gravity is reversed, the heart is freed of its function of pumping blood to the brain and thus relaxes. The body relaxes as a result of the stimulation on the sympathetic nervous system, leading to a higher quality of sleep. The mood and outlook on life changes positively.
The exercises involving bending postures act as a natural massage on the body, and thus revitalize the muscles and inner organs, increase blood circulation, speed up the transfer of nutrients and expel the toxins. Problems related to the spine, waist, hips and groins are overcome. Toxins are expelled and the body is cleansed.
Postures which involve bending forward exert pressure on the inner organs of the abdomen, initiate their movements and purify them. The digestive and excretory systems are stimulated and begin to function more efficiently. The muscles on the back of the body and joints become more flexible. The kidneys and adrenal glands relax and fatigue is overcome, the urinary system works more efficiently, and energy is replenished. The mind becomes serene and awareness increases. When a person turns inwards, emotions calm down and anxiety decrease
The History of Yoga
In order to study the history of Yoga, we must view the history of the universe. Some souls become curious about a life independent from The Absolute Being and come from the spiritual universe to the material universe. Souls must incarnate so as to be able to realize their objectives in the material universe. While the incarnated soul pursues an imaginary freedom, he/she imitates God, changes many bodies and experiences adventures. Finally, after having repeatedly experienced temporary material happiness and agonies, he/she becomes bored with life in the material universe. Thus one day he/she awakens and begins to long for his/her true spiritual nature, wants to return to the spiritual universe and exerts effort to actualize this aim. The Yoga science and practice is a return ticket for the soul to pass from the material universe to the spiritual universe.
For this reason, when the material universe was created, first of all the science of Yoga was given to souls which were there. This is the most important science because souls can escape from the material world by means of this science and return to the spiritual universe. The material universe is created and destroyed in eternal cycles. When the material universe materializes anew, those souls which haven’t been able to return to the spiritual universe incarnate and continue their education. Yoga exists so that souls can escape from these eternal cycles.
The earth is renewed around every 5 or 6 million years. These renewals have taken place in the form of floods. After the waters receded, life on land began again. Following the establishment of balances of all forms of life on earth, people came down from a higher planet system and brought Yoga and other knowledge with them. These people spoke the Sanskrit language and the knowledge was named Veda. Thus the first civilization on earth began. The name of this civilization was Ari Civilization. The word Ari means ‘enlightened person’. The Aris mean enlightened people, Ari civilization means ‘society of enlightened people’. The word Ari is not the name of a race or tribe. The people of the Ari civilization practiced the techniques of Yoga, mastered the body, mind and emotions, and were in continual contact with The Universal Consciousness without detaching themselves from nature.
The Aris’ memories were so powerful that once they heard something, they never forgot it. That’s why they had no need for written information, that is to say they did not need books. The science of Yoga was passed down orally from master to student for millions of years. In those days the continents were connected as one and the Ari civilization ruled the whole world. That is why there are Sanskrit words in all the languages in our world. When we study the ancient civilizations of our world, we can see that they have all come from the same origin. Yoga postures are engraved on relics found in excavations in different parts of the world.
What is Yoga?
Yoga is a word in Sanskrit, the oldest language in the world and mother tongue of this planet. The word Yoga comes from the same root as the word Yuj. Yuj means ‘yoke’. Thus Yoga means ‘to control’. In other words, Yoga means a perfect control of the body, emotions and mind.
The word Yoga also means ‘to unite’, in other words it means: to unite humans with everything, living and inanimate, in the universe. The different life conditions in our day gradually separate people from a natural life. Humans are becoming more and more detached from nature whereas Yoga maintains a continual link between humans and nature and the universe.
Consequently, Yoga means ‘to become a united whole’. This means a perfect harmony and union of the body, mind and soul on one hand, and the individual consciousness to become a united whole or establish contact with The Universal Consciousness on the other hand. Thus by practicing Yoga a person can totally control his/her body, emotions and mind. He/She is not detached from nature and the universe. Consequently, he/she remains in contact with The Universal Consciousness.
BYLAWS
American Yoga Association Inc.
A California Nonprofit Public Benefit Corporation
Bylaws
Adopted, February 2, 2014
ARTICLE I
NAME AND LOCATION
SECTION 1. NAME
The name of the organization is American Yoga Association, Incorporated (herein referred to as “AYA”) as a nonprofit corporation established in accordance with California State law on February 14, 2014.
SECTION 2. LOCATION
The principal office shall be fixed within or without the State of California, as determined by the Board of Directors (“Board”).
ARTICLE II
PURPOSE AND FUNCTIONS
SECTION 1. PURPOSE
The purpose for which the Corporation is organized and operated are public and charitable within the meaning of Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (or the corresponding provision of any future United States Internal Revenue Code), as stated in the Corporation’s Articles of Incorporation.
SECTION 2. FUNCTIONS
Functions of the Corporation will be in alignment with the established mission and vision set forth by the governing board. Functions and activities will include and will not be limited to the following:
A. To educate the public about the teachings of Yoga.
B. To instruct and train the public in the principles of Yoga as well as to uphold a level of teaching standards.
C. To arrange Yoga demonstrations, meetings, workshops, conventions, conferences, tournaments, lectures, and arrange Yoga intensive studies which would be open to the general public both international and abroad.
D. To train and assess applicants for qualifications to teach Yoga and issue certifications upon satisfaction of its standards.
E. To maintain the AYA Certification.
F. To maintain a national and international registry of certified teachers and assessors.
G. To promote and advance the study and the practice of Yoga; and research into the therapeutic effects of Yoga as a means of improving the mental, physical; and spiritual health of the community, and to publish the useful results of any such research.
H. To research and implement ways to better train the practitioners and teachers of Yoga.
I. To research and implement ways to better serve the community through the techniques of Yoga.
J. To sponsor, organize, and fund events and activities that are consistent with the purpose of the Corporation with or without co-operating with other charities, non-profit Corporations, funds, foundations, organizations, schools, and hospitals that are both domestic and abroad within the meaning of Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (or the corresponding provision of any future United States Internal Revenue Code), as stated in the Corporation’s Articles of Incorporation.
K. To establish a reference library and maintain archives of pertinent materials.
L. To establish publications on the principles of Yoga.
M. To establish a newsletter, online media, and other means of disseminating information consistent with our purposes.
N. To employ staff, own property, raise funds, incur expense or do any other thing in pursuance of these functions within the meaning of Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (or the corresponding provision of any future United States Internal Revenue Code), as stated in the Corporation’s Articles of Incorporation.
MEMBERSHIP
SECTION 1. MEMBERSHIP
The corporation is a membership organization. The purpose of membership in the Corporation is to promote community understanding, commitment, and support for the mission, strategic plan, and services of the Corporation. The purpose of membership is to study, teach, disseminate and promote the art, science, and philosophy of the Original Yoga System for the purposes of community healing and education. Membership is open to all persons interested in the purposes of this nonprofit, public benefit corporation regardless of his or her ethnicity, race, belief, gender, and nationality. Any individual who receives a Yoga certification from the AYA is automatically registered as a member for a year.
(A) VOTING RIGHTS
Members who satisfy qualification standards set forth by the Executive Committee (hereby referred to as the Committee), shall be entitled to one vote for the nomination of any Special Committee member.
SECTION 2. ANNUAL DUES
Members shall pay annual dues as may be determined by the Board. The intent of the funds collected from fees is for the basic maintenance of the organization. Membership shall continue for each year in which it is similarly renewed unless sooner terminated.
SECTION 3. TERMINATION OF MEMBERSHIP
Membership is deemed terminated for any member whose dues are in arrears for a period of three (3) months. Membership may also be terminated by a request of withdrawal from the member or a vote of two-thirds (2/3) of the Executive Committee whenever in its best judgment the best interests of the Corporation would be served thereby. A membership is also terminated by death or by resignation. In the event of termination of membership, dues shall not be refunded.
ARTICLE VI
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
SECTION 1. GENERAL POWERS
The affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by its President and the Board. The Board may, from time to time, hire or designate staff, paid or volunteer, to carry out the Board’s direction under the oversight of the Board.
SECTION 2. NUMBER, TENURE, ELECTION AND QUALIFICATIONS.
There shall at all times be at least three (3) and no more than five (5) Directors. Each Director shall be elected by the Board and serve in office for a term of four (4) years unless re-elected or until his or her earlier death, resignation, or removal from office. The terms of office of the Directors shall be staggered as determined by the Board.
SECTION 3. NOMINATION
Election of new directors will be the first item of business three months after their nomination. Nominees receiving the highest number of votes by the Board are elected with the final approval of the Chair. A Director may be re-elected to serve additional terms. Re-election of current directors to additional terms will occur as the first item at the end of each calendar year after their four (4) year term, his/her earlier death, resignation, or removal from office.
SECTION 4. QUORUM
No less than fifty-one percent of the current members of the Board shall constitute a quorum, provided there are a minimum of three (3) Directors present, before business can be transacted or motions made or passed. Each director shall have one vote in the functioning of the Board, and such voting may not be done by proxy.
SECTION 5. VACANCIES.
Vacancies occurring in a Board or Officer position by death, resignation, refusal to serve, or otherwise, may be temporarily be appointed by the Chair for a maximum of (3) months, or by an immediate replacement election.
SECTION 6. RESIGNATION AND REPLACEMENT.
A Board member will cease to hold office if: he or she resigns, commits unlawful actionsagainst fellow Board member(s), is absent without permission of the Board for three or more consecutive meetings, or becomes incapable of serving for any reason, then the Board resolves to vacate that office. If a member ceases to hold office before expiration of his or her term, there will be an immediate replacement election.
ARTICLE VI
MEETINGS OF THE BOARD
SECTION 1. MEETINGS.
5.1 Place of Meetings. The meetings of the Board shall be held at a place determined by the Board.
5.2 Regular Meetings. The Board shall meet at least quarterly, at an agreed upon time and place.
5.3 Special Meetings. Special meetings of the Board may be called at any time by the President or by a 2/3rds majority of the Board. The agenda of any special meeting will be announced at the time notice is given.
5.4 Notice of Meetings. Regular meetings shall be called on at least ten (10) days notice and special meetings on at least five (5) days notice. Notice of regular or special meetings may be provided by electronic transmission in accordance with applicable law.
5.5 Waiver of notice. Attendance of a Director at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting except when a Director attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened.
5.6 Meetings by Communications Equipment. Members of the Board or any committee designated by the Board may participate in a meeting of such Board or committee by means of a conference telephone or similar communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other at the same time, and participation by such means shall constitute presence of the person at a meeting.
SECTION 2. QUORUM.
5.2.1 Quorum. At all meetings of the Board, a majority of the total Directors then in office shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business.
5.2.2 Voting of Directors. The voting of the majority of the Directors at a meeting at which a quorum has been established shall be the act of the Board, unless a vote of a greater number is required by these Bylaws. Any act of the Board may also be taken without a meeting by unanimous written consent of all Board members to the motion presented to them in writing.
ARTICLE VII
COMPENSATION AND DUTIES OF DIRECTORS
SECTION 1. COMPENSATION
Directors shall not receive any compensation for their services as Directors, but the Board may, by resolution, authorize the reimbursement of reasonable expenses incurred in the performance of their duties. Such authorization shall prescribe the procedure for approval of payment for such expenses by designated Officers of the Corporation. The Board may grant a permit to a former Director to provide goods or services to the Corporation either directly or on behalf of a corporation or other person or entity. The Board may permit the Corporation and the former Director (or the relevant third party) to enter into a written agreement, for consideration, upon a vote of at least two- thirds (2/3) of the Board members present at the meeting at which the proposals submitted by the AYA are considered and the vote is taken.
SECTION 2. DUTIES
Directors have fiduciary duties and obligations to serve on the Board and act in the best interests of the Corporation and to avoid conflicts of interest as provided in these Bylaws, the General Policies of the Corporation, and applicable law.
ARTICLE IX
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE
SECTION 1. MEMBERS
The Executive Committee shall have the following members: the President, Secretary, Treasurer, and the Chair of any Special Committees. The President shall chair the Executive Committee. The President will attend and participate in Executive Committee meetings as ex officio, non-voting members, except those meetings or portions thereof that address the evaluation or compensation of the President.
1. Powers. The Executive Committee may exercise the powers of the Board between regular meetings of the Board, in accordance with the policies and procedures established by the Board to govern the actions of the Committee. The Executive Committee is charged with periodic evaluation and determining the compensation of the President. The Executive Committee shall conduct a review of the policies of the Corporation, including these Bylaws and the strategic plan, and make recommendation to the Board for any revision thereto, on an annual basis or according to such other schedule as determined by the Executive Committee. The Executive Committee shall keep a record of its proceedings and shall report the same to the Board at the next following meeting of the Board.
SECTION II: QUOROM AND VOTING.
A majority of the Committee shall constitute a quorum, and action of the Committee may be taken by a majority vote at a meeting where a quorum is present.
ARTICLE X
SPECIAL COMMITTEES
The Board may designate, elect, appoint, hire or dismiss any such committees, task forces, working groups, panels, or advisory bodies of any sort (each a “Special Committee”) as it shall deem necessary to carry out the purpose, mission, and function of the Corporation in accordance with the Articles of Incorporation, these Bylaws, and the General Policies of the Corporation, or as may be required by law. All Special Committees shall be advisory in nature.
The Board Chair appoints all committee chairs. Each such Special Committee shall include among its members a least two (2) Directors. A simple majority of members of any Special Committee shall constitute a quorum, and action by a Special Committee shall be taken by a majority vote of the members where a quorum is present. Each Special Committee shall report to the Board on any actions taken by the committee since the preceding Board meeting.
A. CERTIFICATION COMMITTEE
The Certification Committee shall develop guidelines for the yoga training, certification, and the maintenance of continued education hours of AYA trainers. Such guidelines must first be approved by the President before its incorporation into the AYA Certification Manual and AYA Assessors Manual. Notice of official changes must appear on the website for a minimum of three (3) months, and additional electronic notice shall be sent to certified trainers. The Certification Committee is responsible for the coordination and oversight of all certification processes, and addressing any grievances regarding the certification process.
B. ETHICS COMMITTEE
The Ethics Committee oversees the ethical standards for the AYA. The Ethics Committee has the power to open an investigation and subsequently, a forum with any person(s) or entities that utilize the AYA name. Complaints for investigation can be brought forth from an AYA yoga trainer or any active student or member in the form of either: two (2) separate occurring notice for a grievance with evidence, OR one (1) violation of code set forth by the AYA Certification Manual. The Ethics Committee has the power to recommend appropriate sanctions to the Executive Committee, and if necessary, the pursuit of legal actions with the approval of the Executive Committee.
ARTICLE VIII
OFFICERS
SECTION 1. ELECTION, TITLE, AND TERM.
The Officers of the Corporation that are filled at all times are the President, Secretary, and Treasurer. Additional positions may be created and amended under company policies. All such positions shall be elective, except that the President shall jointly be the chief staff officers and ex officio appointive officers of the Corporation. Each elective Officer shall be elected by the Board of Directors from amongst themselves, from a slate of candidates nominated at least two (2) weeks prior to the meeting at which Officers are selected, in accordance with any policies, procedures and guidelines established by the Board. Each elective Officer shall serve for a term of four (4) years, or until a successor has been selected.
SECTION 2. DUTIES.
The duties of the Officers of the Corporation shall be such as usually appertain to such offices of corporations generally, except as may be otherwise prescribed by these Bylaws or by the Board, and include but are not limited to the following:
2.2 Officers and Duties. There shall be, at all times, three officers of the Board consisting of a President, Secretary and Treasurer.
a.) President. The President shall convene the quarterly Board meetings, and preside or arrange for other members of the executive committee to preside at each meeting in the following order: Secretary and Treasurer. The President, subject to the direction of the Board, the Executive Committee, and the duties specified in these Bylaws or other governing documents, shall supervise, direct and control the business affairs of the Corporation. The President holds the power to call for a review and revote for a maximum of three (3) quorums each annual year for the best interests of the corporation.
b.) Secretary. The Secretary shall have and perform such powers, authority and responsibilities as are incident to the position of secretary, which shall be to act as secretary and record minutes of all meetings of the Board, of the committees of the Board, of annual meetings of the Corporation, and of meetings of advisory councils to the Board, to record the proceedings of such meetings in a book or books to be kept for that purpose, and to have sole custody of such minutes and records. The Secretary shall see that all notices and agenda that are to be given are duly given. In addition to any powers, authority and responsibilities of the Secretary pursuant to Section 8.3, the Secretary shall, when requested, counsel with and advise the other officers of the Corporation. The Secretary shall report directly to the President.
c) Treasurer. The Treasurer oversees the Corporation’s financial and accounting operations. Responsibilities of the Treasurer will include but will not be limited to, accepting and depositing donations, keeping financial records, maintaining a bank account in the organization’s name, manage accurate accounting books, sending receipts of charitable contributions to donors, convening and providing leadership to the Finance Committee, providing financial statements and guidance to the President and the Board of Directors. The Treasurer will work with a professional accountant, tax professional, and auditors upon approval of the board in regards to annual financial filings and legal matters. The Treasurer shall keep and maintain in written form adequate and correct books and records of account of the properties and business transactions of the Corporation, including accounts of its assets, liabilities, receipts, gains, disbursements, gains and losses. The books and records of account shall be at all times open to inspection by any Director of the Corporation. The Treasurer shall disburse the funds of the Corporation as ordered by the Board of Directors, and shall render to the Directors, on request, an account of all such officer’s transactions as Treasurer, and of the financial condition of the Corporation.
All Officers shall perform such other duties as the Board may direct, and, at the expiration of each Officer’s term, he or she shall deliver to the Board all property and records of the Corporation that may have come into his or her possession or control.
ARTICLE IX
CONTRACTS, CHECKS, DEPOSITS AND FUND
SECTION 1. AUTHORIZATION
The Board may authorize any Officer, agent, or agents, to enter into any contract or execute and deliver any instrument in the name of and on behalf of the Corporation, and such authority may be general or confined to specific instances. All checks, drafts, or other orders for the payment of money, notes, or other evidences of indebtedness issued in the name of the Corporation shall be signed by such Officer or Officers, agent or agents, of the Corporation and in such manner as shall from time to time be determined by resolution of the Board.
SECTION 2. ACCEPTANCE OF GIFTS.
The Board or any Officer or Officers may accept on behalf of the Corporation any contribution, gift, or bequest for the general purposes or for any special purpose of the Corporation.
SECTION 3. AUDITS.
Upon request of the Board, the accounts of the Corporation will be audited by a reputable certified public accountant, whose report shall be submitted to the Board and filed accordingly.
ARTICLE X
INDEMNIFICATION AND INSURANCE
SECTION 1. INDEMINIFICATION
Directors, Officers, and other authorized employees or agents of the Corporation shall be indemnified against claims for liability arising in connection with their positions or activities on behalf of the Corporation to the full extent permitted by law.
SECTION 2. INSURANCE
The Corporation shall maintain liability insurance, including Directors and Officers Liability insurance, in such amounts and under such terms as the Board may from time to time determine.
ARTICLE XI
Non-Partisan Activity
This Corporation has been formed under the California Corporation Law for the purposes described herein above in Article II, and it shall be nonprofit and nonpartisan. No substantial part of the activities of the Corporation shall consist of the publication or dissemination of materials with the purpose of attempting to influence legislation; nor shall the Corporation participate or intervene in any political campaign on behalf of any candidate for public office or for or against any clause or measure being submitted to the people for a vote. The Corporation shall not, except in an insubstantial degree, engage in any activities or exercise any powers that are not in furtherance of its purpose.
ARTICLE XII
Dedication of Assets
The property of this corporation is irrevocably dedicated to charitable purposes and no part of the net income or assets of this corporation shall ever inure to the benefit of any director, officer or member thereof or to the benefit of any private person. Upon the dissolution or winding up of the corporation, its assets remaining after payment, or provision for payment, of all debts and liabilities of this corporation shall be distributed to a nonprofit fund, foundation or corporation which is organized and operated exclusively for charitable purposes and which has established its tax exempt status under Internal Revenue Code Section 501(c)(3).
ARTICLE XIII
Miscellaneous
1. Amendments.
These Bylaws may be amended, repealed, or changed at any regular or special meeting of the Board by the affirmative vote of a majority of the members of the Board present at any such meeting, provided that notice containing the general effect and intent of the proposed amendments has been given to all members of the Board at least 10 days prior to such meeting.
2. Subject to Law.
All powers, authority and responsibilities provided for in these Bylaws, whether or not explicitly so qualified, are qualified by the provisions of California State Law and applicable laws.
3. Board Resolutions and Policies.
The Board may from time to time adopt policies of the Corporation not inconsistent with the Law or these Bylaws. These policies shall be part of the overall Corporate Policies and Regulations. The policies shall be set forth in Board resolutions or such other policy document and the official version shall be kept in the custody of the Secretary. The President, or his or her designee, shall communicate all statements of purpose adopted by the Board, including the Mission and Strategic Plan of the American Yoga Association, throughout the Corporation.
4. Management Policies and Regulations.
The Board delegates to the President, or his or her designee, the authority to promulgate subordinate written directives, policies and regulations of the Corporation not inconsistent with the Congressional Charter, these Bylaws, or any other action, resolution, or policy of the Board. These Management Policies and Regulations shall be part of the overall Corporate Policies and Regulations. Until the proper election of the Ethics Committee Board delegates to the President, or his or her designee, the authority to develop processes and procedures to enforce Management Policies and Regulations and secure compliance with said policies and to take any remedial or corrective action deemed appropriate and not inconsistent with the law, these Bylaws, or any other action, resolution, or policy of the Board.
5. Fiscal Year.
The fiscal year of the Corporation, shall commence and end on dates fixed from time to time by resolution of the Board.
6. Corporate Policies and Regulations.
The Corporation including the officers, directors, employees, volunteers, agents, and representatives thereof shall comply fully with all applicable provisions of Corporate Policies and Regulations.
7. Dissolution.
All the assets and net earnings of the Corporation are irrevocably dedicated to charitable purposes and no interest therein shall ever inure to the benefit of any member of the Board, officer, member, or private person or entity. In the event of dissolution the corporate assets shall be transferred for charitable purposes to such entity as may be designated by law.
8. Seal.
The corporate seal shall be in such form as the Board shall approve. The seal may be used by causing it or a facsimile thereof to be impressed or affixed or otherwise reproduced.
All rights reserved by American Yoga Association! It might be unlawful to copy, distribute, disclose or otherwise use information contained in this web site is forbidden except otherwise written permission is obtained. Contact via email or phone to request more information.
American Yoga Association privacy policy